Source: http://news.feedzilla.com/en_us/stories/politics/top-stories/181166195?client_source=feed&format=rss
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OMAHA, Neb. -- Democratic Sen. Ben Nelson survived nearly two decades representing heavily Republican Nebraska by carving a path down the political center. But faced with navigating that road in an increasingly polarizing climate, Nelson is stepping away -- and swinging the door wide open for the GOP.
Nelson, the lone Democrat in Nebraska's five-member congressional delegation, announced Tuesday that he wouldn't seek a third term. He was facing a tough campaign against several Republicans who've spent the past several months attacking his support for President Barack Obama's health care overhaul and federal stimulus legislation.
"Who can blame him given the current political mood of the country?" said former state Democratic Party Chairman Steve Achelpohl.
Other Democrats lamented Nelson's decision to retire, fearing it sets up the GOP for an easy victory next year. Republicans need to net just four seats to reclaim control of the Senate, and Nebraska looks to be an easy pickup.
There are no Democrats in line to take Nelson's place in the increasingly conservative state. He joins several other Democrats to retire from the Senate, including Virginia's Jim Webb and North Dakota's Kent Conrad.
After months of speculation that he would leave office, the 70-year-old conservative Democrat told supporters in an emailed statement that he felt it was time he "step away from elective office, spend more time with my family, and look for new ways to serve our state and nation."
"Therefore, I am announcing today that I will not seek re-election," he said. "Simply put: It is time to move on."
The former two-term governor thrived in Nebraska politics partly because he was willing to support Republican ideas when he believed they were in the state's best interests, Achelpohl said.
"Nebraskans are generally independent thinkers, and he was certainly an independent thinker," Achelpohl said. "He just had his finger right on the pulse of the predominant political thinking right in our state and nationally."
Democrats banking on Nelson's ability to leverage those centrist stances and capture statewide races were left scrambling, and many state activists acknowledged being taken by surprise.
While some floated the names of state Sen. Steve Lathrop of Omaha and Nelson's former lieutenant governor, Kim Robak, as possible contenders, many said it was too early to know who might run. Messages seeking comment were left for Lathrop and Robak.
A dream candidate for Democrats: former Nebraska Sen. Bob Kerrey. Traveling in India on Tuesday, Kerrey told The Washington Post, "Ben's retirement is a huge loss for Nebraska. I am very sad he's leaving. That is as far as I am going (right now)."
Democrats acknowledged the party will face a steep uphill fight to hold on to Nelson's seat, but pointed to a crowded GOP primary field with no obvious front-runner. The ticket includes Nebraska Attorney General Jon Bruning, state Treasurer Don Stenberg, state Sen. Deb Fischer, and investment adviser Pat Flynn.
"This virtually guarantees a Republican victory in 2012," said University of Nebraska Lincoln political scientist Mike Wagner. "There's almost no scenario in which a Democrat can win -- especially at this late stage."
National Republican party leaders also have encouraged Gov. Dave Heineman to join the race, but Heineman has said it would take a lot to persuade him.
The Senate's Democratic campaign chairman, Sen. Patty Murray of Washington, said she expected that Republicans would "have their hands full with a very divisive primary in the state, which will provide an opportunity for Democrats to remain competitive."
State Sen. Heath Mello, an Omaha Democrat who worked as an aide to Nelson, said he feared Nelson's retirement would inject more partisan politics into an already heated race.
"That is not the way Nebraskans have chosen their senators in the past," Mello said. "We've always elected independent-minded people to represent Nebraska's interests, ahead of the political parties."
Nelson has recently expressed dismay about a divided Congress' inability to pass meaningful legislation, frustration that echoed in his statement Tuesday.
"I encourage those who will follow in my footsteps to look for common ground and to work together in bipartisan ways to do what's best for the country, not just one political party," he said.
Even as Nelson wavered about a re-election bid, he piled up campaign cash, hired a campaign manager and watched his party spend more than $1 million on ads supporting him. The preparation left him with more than $3 million campaign cash on hand last month, about twice his nearest competitor.
The Democrats' Majority PAC alone spent more than $406,000 on media buys and production costs for Nelson's expected re-election campaign in seven separate expenditures between Sept. 9 and Dec. 9.
"I'm absolutely stunned," Kathleen Fahey, a Democratic super-delegate in 2008, said of Nelson's announcement. "Ben has been such a great senator for everybody. I'm not liking this."
Nelson first was elected to the Senate in 2000, defeating Stenberg, a Republican and currently the state treasurer, to replace the retired Kerrey. Nelson positioned himself as a centrist supporting both Democratic and Republican legislation.
He was among only two Senate Democrats to support a failed GOP bid to block new federal controls on power plant pollution that blows downwind into other states earlier this year, and he took great pride in his membership in the 2005 "Gang of 14," made up of Republicans and Democrats who brokered a deal to avoid a filibuster showdown over President George W. Bush's judicial nominees.
However, Nelson's vote in favor of Obama's signature health reform legislation left the GOP confident that they could beat him next year. The health reforms are strongly opposed by many Nebraska conservatives, and after the vote Nebraska Republicans immediately kicked off a "Give Ben the Boot" campaign.
Nelson also was one of five Democratic senators targeted by a national conservative group with ties to GOP strategist Karl Rove. The group, Crossroads GPS, spent $1.6 million on ads attacking Nelson as well as Sens. Bill Nelson of Florida, Clair McCaskill of Missouri, Jon Tester of Montana and Sherrod Brown of Ohio -- all considered top targets by national Republicans in 2012.
"For once Senator Nelson has listened to Nebraskans," Nebraska Republican Party Chairman Mark Fahleson said Tuesday. "The Nebraska Republican Party is more focused than ever on electing another conservative Republican to join Sen. Mike Johanns and recapturing the U.S. Senate so that we can reverse the damage done by Ben Nelson, Washington Democrats and the Obama Administration."
Nelson upset incumbent Nebraska Gov. Kay Orr in 1990 to earn his first statewide office and was re-elected governor in 1994 by a landslide. In 1996, he reneged on a campaign pledge that he wouldn't seek higher office while governor and announced his candidacy for the Senate seat vacated by the retiring Sen. Jim Exon.
Omaha millionaire businessman Chuck Hagel soundly defeated Nelson in that Senate race, but the two later served as colleagues when Nelson was elected in 2000.
Bruning on Tuesday wished Nelson well and praised him as "a dedicated public servant of the state of Nebraska for over two decades," while Fischer expressed confidence the GOP would now claim the seat.
"I think we have a strong group of Republicans, and I happen to believe the seat will go to a Republican," she said.
Stenberg thanked Nelson for his service, but said Nebraskans need "a genuine, lifelong conservative."
(Copyright 2011 by The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved.)
Source: http://www1.whdh.com/rss/read/news/articles/politics/12006276634673/
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By David Kent
Last updated at 6:55 PM on 27th December 2011
London Irish coach Toby Booth defended a first-half incident involving Delon Armitage at the Madejski Stadium which could land the England star in more hot water.
The full-back clattered into Exeter fly half Ignacio Mieres with an arm around his head as the Argentinian fielded the ball by his own 22.
In charge: Shontayne Hape holds on to the ball against Exeter
Mieres was left shaken for a few minutes on the touchline.
Armitage only returned to action with Irish this month after a five-week ban for a dangerous tackle on Bath wing Tom Biggs and a concurrent ban for striking lock Dave Attwood with his knee in the same match on October 29.
It was his fourth suspension in 2011. Booth played down the incident but officials may want to look into it due to the player's troubled record.
He said: 'He went in for a tackle from behind and, as the player has bent down, he has gone up over the top of him. It is a penalty at most. But because of what has gone before, people will have a closer look.'
Main man: Tom Homer kicks a penalty during the Premiership win
Exeter coach Rob Baxter added: 'There is definitely an arm over the top. That is not alleged, you can see that clearly.'
Centres Joe Ansbro, in the first half, and Shontayne Hape after the break touched down for Irish, while wing Tom Homer, the Premiership's leading points scorer, added 19 more with five penalties and two conversions.
Exeter were always chasing the game after Ansbro's early try, but showed fighting spirit with Mieres kicking five penalties and converting a try from full-back Luke Arscott.
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I would like it if you used good grammar and spelling, and no text talk. Please write detailed posts. I like to visualize what's going on. I will try to use as much detail as possible. I understand short posts only if the characters are only talking. I don't typically like first person, either.
I don't mind chatting in OOC. I like making friends through roleplaying, too, not just the story. Please be polite. If we are roleplaying back and forth, please tell me when you are getting off. I will do the same.
I can play either gender. I really prefer romances. It might sound strange, but I like a lot of conflict between lovers. Like, they are poor and fight about money. I will try anything though. I already have some ideas in mind.
I am operating from a 3DS so my posts might be a little short at times and might take a long time to reply. I will try my best to write amazing posts for you though! I usually get on every day.
One last thing. If you don't like my post, tell me. I'm new to roleplaying and could use some pointers. I will rewrite a post. If you don't like a roleplay, we can start a new one or end it, but please tell me! Don't leave me hanging.
Please PM me. I prefer PM roleplays, but threads are okay. I'm looking forward to roleplaying with you!
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YouTube link for mobile viewing
Ed. note: The game was sideloaded on a Toshiba Thrive, as it doesn't natively install from the Android Market.
Oh, boy, here we go again. One man stranded on a spaceship? Been there. Hordes of Necromorphs? Done that. On Android? Well now, slow down there, Ace. Now we're talking.
Yes, it's finally happened. Electronics Arts has brought its shock-filled, gore-laden, space epic to Android, and man oh man, was it worth the wait. Dead Space has all the markings of a AAA title, and if it weren't for the slightly dumbed down graphics, you wouldn't know you were playing on a mobile device.
For fans of the Dead Space story, you'll be pleased to know that Dead Space (for Android) is part of the canon and takes place three years after the first official game but before the events of the second.
You play the aptly-named Vandal, a voice-distorted, identity-protected agent of the Church, who is "perfect" for sabotaging power supplies and causing havoc on his ship. Well, until all Hell breaks loose. Necromorphs start pouring out from every hole and crevice, gallivanting about all nimbly bimbly, all with the intent to gobble you up.
But this is Dead Space. You expected that.
For a mobile game, Dead Space plays well. Incredibly well, actually. EA has finally come up with a control scheme that doesn't use a restricting virtual joystick but still is as tight and (fairly) precise as a physical one. Instead of limiting your movement within an imaginary circle, EA simply says, "Move your fingers on top of Vandal as though you were using a virtual joystick and he'll respond appropriately."
It's effective, it feels good, and you never run the risk of stretching your hands too far out and running into the bezel, thereby stopping your movement completely. It works, and I hope to see other enterprising game developers shamelessly copy this control method for their own games. It'll make everyone's experience better.
Shooting is equally intuitive, with a simple tap bringing up your targeting reticule, and another tap popping off a shot. For those mining weapons that can shoot either horizontally or vertically, EA employed a quick screen tilt to change firing modes. No buttons to push, no combos to remember, just a quick tilt and the accelerometer will handle the rest. Just like with the non-existant joystick, it just works.
Graphically, the game looks great. Yeah, they're not quite PC or console graphics (that's especially evident on the Necromorphs close up), but by and large, everything looks amazing. Vandal looks like an absolute boss, and the glowing column along his spine (along with the rest of his getup) is incredibly detailed.
The opening sequence of the game also realy shows off the masterpiece EA has put together for us. Ship environments look realistic. Planets look impressive and rocky. With six different environments to fight (and survive) through, you'll constantly be finding something new to look at (and admire). Weapons look not only futurisitc and worthy of your nerd love, but functional, too. And did I mention the whole thing is voice acted?
There's also the requisite amounts of over-the-top gore, seen as you dismember Necromorphs, find brutalized corpses, and discover messages written in the final moments of someone's life. It all adds up to the heart-pounding experience EA is trying to pull you into. (I mean, they do recommend playing the game with headphones on.)
Overall, Dead Space is one of the strongest entries we've had into serious Android gaming yet, and it has earned a special spot in the upper echelons of the Market, reserved only for those games that truly push the boundry of what we're seeing. Other notables that come to mind are Shadowgun and Emissary of War, so Dead Space finds itself in elite company, and rightfully so.
If you can handle the gore, the thrills, and the heart-pounding "gotcha" moments, Dead Space is most definitely for you. Dead Space is $7.43 in the Android Market.
We've got download links after the break.
Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/androidcentral/~3/QXonmARATuk/story01.htm
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Washington Wizards' Andray Blatche (7) and Chris Singleton, left, and New Jersey Nets forward Kris Humphries (43) reach for a rebound during the second half of an NBA basketball game, Monday, Dec. 26, 2011, in Washington
*Kris Humphries was booed again by fans of an opposing team, but the New Jersey Nets player and his coach are encouraging the boo birds to keep it going, as it only motivates the player and has ultimately led to two victories.
?People were talking crazy last year,? Humphries told The Record after his team?s comeback win against the Wizards Monday. ?There might be a little bit more this year, but to me, it?s motivation.?
?They want to have a reason to say something, so you have to try to not give them that reason,? he added. ?For me, it makes it a hostile environment and it?s kind of fun to play in that environment.?
Though he was booed by a crowd of 17,102 fans during Monday?s season opener, Humphries helped lead the New Jersey Nets to a 90-84 victory over the Wizards. Less than a week earlier, he was heckled during a preseason game at NYC?s Madison Square Garden. Compared to that experience, Humphries says Monday?s game ?was a walk in the park.?
Meanwhile, Nets coach Avery Johnson said he?s still puzzled by the crowd?s reaction to Kim Kardashian?s ex.
?I?m trying to figure it out ? what did he do?? Johnson asked. ?I?m serious. Maybe because I don?t follow reality TV. I don?t know all the ins and outs of it, but it?s pretty hilarious to me. I don?t know if they even know why they?re booing him.
?Keep booing him,? Johnson teased. ?We?ll take the 20 and 16.?
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Source: http://www.eurweb.com/2011/12/kris-humphries-booed-by-fans-kardashian/
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Every time a story like this about a massive particle physics project surfaces, my stomach turns. I am by no means anti-science; I did my undergrad in physics, and am a graduate student in engineering. It all just seems like a massive misappropriation of resources. One can blow the horn of scientific inquiry all day, but there are incredibly daunting and very real challenges facing the world today (e.g., energy, toxicology) that need the attention of intelligent people. We live in such a unique time in human existence, when we have this massive supply of cheap energy.
So do we have an energy problem or not?
Your inconsistency notwithstanding, you could pick something better to complain about than spending
trillions of dollars into understanding physical effects which will bear no consequence on the extreme challenges we will face in the very, very near future.
Try military spending [wikipedia.org], or even luxuries like cosmetics and perfumes [worldwatch.org]. Besides, I doubt anyone can say with certainty that those poorly-understood physical effects bear no consequence. It's entirely within the realm of possibility that such understanding could provide the keystone to overcoming the challenges you point out.
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By JOHN HENRY
updated 3:18 a.m. ET Dec. 18, 2011
ARLINGTON, Texas - A runaway electric cart raced unmanned from an end zone to midfield at Cowboys Stadium and plowed into several people after a high school championship game Saturday night, bowling over the winning head coach and several others.
An emergency medical technician who declined identification told The Associated Press that one man who was conscious and talking was taken to a hospital with an apparent leg injury. The Arlington medical technician said he had no further information on the man's condition but several others hit or grazed by the cart were checked out by emergency workers as they sprawled stunned on the field.
Separately, a Texas sports league official said a male staffer also was injured, not seriously, when the cart raced across field in a matter of seconds during onfield celebrations after the Texas 5A Division II football championship game. That official also declined identification.
The cart toppled Spring Dekaney coach Willie Amendola, who was being interviewed near the Cowboys midfield star, along with several others clustered about him moments after Dekaney had beaten Cibolo Steele 34-14. Hundreds of people were scattered about the field or were in the stands at the time.
Broadcast footage showed a stunned Amendola falling backwards into the cart's passenger seat as it continued rolling. He appeared to try unsuccesfully to gain control of the cart, spinning the steering wheel with his left hand, before rolling out onto the artificial turf. As he tumbled out, a pursuing field worker hopped aboard and stopped the cart quickly."We have a disturbance down the field. Apparently one of the carts on the field got loose and I think there have been some folks injured in this. Oh my! That's like a runaway cart there. And it finally took someone to stop it," a shaken announcer is heard commenting on air as the cart rolled and then stopped. "That's a scary thing."
Others were seen on the ground afterward as emergency personnel rushed up, including one man sprawled motionless while someone cradled his head. Nearby, others helped a visibly stunned man to his feet.
It was unclear why or how the cart began moving under its own power. Stadium workers were picking up fluorescent orange sideline yard markers and pylons in one of the end zones after the game when the cart unexpectedly took off.
During its race across the field, the cart appeared to roll over the legs of some of those onfield. Afterward, televised broadcasts showed Amendola conducting another interview with a small streak of blood on his left forearm.
An Arlington police dispatcher as well as a spokeswoman for Texas Health Arlington Memorial Hospital, where at least one injured person was reported taken, told AP they had no information to release early Sunday.
? 2011 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
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More newsDavid Cannon / Getty ImagesOff the Bench: Manuel de los Santos, a former top baseball prospect who lost his left leg in a motorcycle accident, took up golf and now has a 3 handicap. (video)
Source: http://nbcsports.msnbc.com/id/45713132/ns/sports-other_sports/
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SAN FRANCISCO (Reuters) ? Home-run king Barry Bonds was sentenced on Friday to 2 years probation, with no prison time, for his conviction on a single criminal count related to an investigation over steroids use in sports.
Bonds also was sentenced to 30 days of home confinement, 250 hours of community service, and must pay a $4,000 fine.
U.S. District Judge Susan Illston handed down the sentence in a San Francisco federal court, and she immediately stayed it pending appeal. U.S. prosecutors had sought a 15-month prison sentence, while Bonds asked for probation.
A Northern California jury convicted Bonds in April on one count of obstruction of justice, but deadlocked on three other counts of lying to a grand jury.
The steroids scandal has tarnished some of the biggest stars in baseball.
Bonds, a seven-time Most Valuable Player in the National League, more than any other player ever. He made the league all star team 14 times, playing for the San Francisco Giants and Pittsburgh Pirates.
Other stars tainted by the dopping scandal include sluggers like Mark McGwire and Jason Giambi and pitcher Roger Clemens.
The Bonds prosecution stemmed from his testimony to a 2003 grand jury investigating the Bay Area Laboratory Co-operative, or BALCO.
Testifying to the grand jury, Bonds admitted getting flaxseed oil, vitamins, protein shakes and creams from his trainer, but he said he had no knowledge of human growth hormones or steroids. He said no one ever injected him other than medical doctors.
(Reporting by Dan Levine; Writing by Peter Henderson; editing by Philip Barbara)
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Oil prices are rising on optimism that U.S. economic growth will boost energy demand.
Benchmark crude on Friday rose 23 cents to $94.10 per barrel in New York. Brent crude gained 69 cents to $103.69 a barrel in London.
Oil traders were encouraged by higher stock prices. When stocks rise, it points to growth and more oil demand. Major indexes were up about 1 percent or more in morning trading.
Investors are encouraged by a Labor Department report that shows consumer prices stayed flat in November, evidence that inflation is under control. Worries about Europe also eased as Italy approved a package of austerity measures.
In the U.S., retail gasoline prices fell a penny to a national average of $3.25 per gallon.
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Contact: Mansi M. Kasliwal
mansi@obs.carnegiescience.edu
626-375-3307
Carnegie Institution
Pasadena, CA A team of scientists, including Carnegie's Mansi M. Kasliwal, has observed the early stages of a Type Ia supernova that is only 21 million light years away from Earth--the closest of its kind discovered in 25 years. The Palomar Transient Factory team's detection of a supernova less than half a day after it exploded will refine and challenge our understanding of these stellar phenomena. Their breakthrough observations are published December 15 in Nature.
Type Ia supernovae are violent stellar explosions. Observations of their brightness are used to determine distances in the universe and have shown scientists that the universe is expanding at an accelerating rate. The Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded December 10 to three astronomers for their "discovery of the accelerating expansion of the Universe through observations of distant supernovae."
The PTF team, led by Professor Shri Kulkarni of the California Institute of Technology, discovered this supernova, named SN2011fe, just 11 hours after it exploded. They were able to pinpoint the explosion in the Pinwheel Galaxy to August 23 at about 4:30 p.m. Universal Time.
"For several years, I had been taking images with robotic telescopes at Palomar Observatory of the Pinwheel Galaxy every night I possibly could, hoping it would give birth to a rare cosmic feat," Kasliwal said. "When we saw SN2011fe, I fell off my chair as its brightness was too faint to be a supernova and too bright to be nova. Only follow-up observations in the next few hours revealed that this was actually an exceptionally young Type Ia supernova."
The widely accepted theory is that Type Ia supernovae are thermonuclear explosions of a white dwarf star that's part of a binary system--two stars that are physically close and orbit around a common center of mass.
There are two different models for how Type Ia supernovae are created from this type of binary system. In the so-called double-degenerate (or DD) model, the orbit between two white dwarf stars shrinks until the lighter star's path is disrupted and it moves close enough for some of its matter to be absorbed into the primary white dwarf and initiate an explosion. In the so-called single-degenerate (or SD) model, the white dwarf slowly accretes mass from a different, non-white dwarf type of star, until it reaches an ignition point. There are three potential methods for the transfer of mass and--depending on which one is used--the second star is likely to be a red giant, a helium star, or a so-called subgiant or main-sequence star.
Observations of the early stages of the supernova--presented in a paper by lead author Peter Nugent of Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory--showed direct evidence that the primary star was a type of white dwarf called a carbon-oxygen white dwarf.
Very sensitive and early radio and X-ray observations, presented in a separate paper to be published in The Astrophysical Journal, show no evidence of interaction with surrounding material. Combining this data with an analysis of historical images, the team ruled out luminous red giants and the vast majority of helium stars for the second star in the binary system before the explosion.
These clues meant that the secondary star was either another white dwarf, as in the DD model, or a subgiant or main-sequence star, as created by one of the three SD model methods.
Analysis of the matter ejected by the supernova's explosion suggests that the second star is less likely to be another white dwarf. Thus, the solution to the mystery of SN2011fe's origin is probably a primary white dwarf accreting matter from a neighboring subgiant or main-sequence star.
"The fact that we discovered this supernova in its infancy, and that the Pinwheel Galaxy is in our cosmic backyard, has given us an unprecedented opportunity to make this the best studied supernova to date," Kulkarni said.
###
The Palomar Transient Factory (PTF) is based on the 48-inch Oschin Schmidt telescope and the 60-inch telescope of the Palomar Observatory of the California Institute of Technology and is a collaboration of the following institutions: California Institute of Technology, Columbia University, Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Oxford University, the University of California at Berkeley and the Weizmann Institute of Science. The Principal Investigator of PTF is Professor S. R. Kulkarni.
This work received financial, staff and computing support from the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, the Department of Energy, the Department of Energy Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing Program, the Royal Society, the National Science Foundation, NASA, the TABASGO Foundation, Gary and Cynthia Bengier, the Richard and Rhoda Goldman Fund, NASA's Hubble Fellowship and the Carnegie-Princeton Fellowship, the Sylvia & Jim Katzman Foundation, NASA's Einstein Fellowship, Hilary Lipsitz, and the American Museum of Natural History. The Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope is operated by ASTRON (Netherlands Foundation for Radio Astronomy) with support fromthe Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research. The Liverpool Telescope is operated with financial support from the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council. The W.M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and NASA, was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. Data from the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database, operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory at the California Institute of Technology was used, as was data from the UK Swift Science Data Centre at the University of Leicester.
The Carnegie Institution for Science (carnegiescience.edu) is a private, nonprofit organization headquartered in Washington, D.C., with six research departments throughout the U.S. Since its founding in 1902, the Carnegie Institution has been a pioneering force in basic scientific research. Carnegie scientists are leaders in plant biology, developmental biology, astronomy, materials science, global ecology, and Earth and planetary science.
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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
Contact: Mansi M. Kasliwal
mansi@obs.carnegiescience.edu
626-375-3307
Carnegie Institution
Pasadena, CA A team of scientists, including Carnegie's Mansi M. Kasliwal, has observed the early stages of a Type Ia supernova that is only 21 million light years away from Earth--the closest of its kind discovered in 25 years. The Palomar Transient Factory team's detection of a supernova less than half a day after it exploded will refine and challenge our understanding of these stellar phenomena. Their breakthrough observations are published December 15 in Nature.
Type Ia supernovae are violent stellar explosions. Observations of their brightness are used to determine distances in the universe and have shown scientists that the universe is expanding at an accelerating rate. The Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded December 10 to three astronomers for their "discovery of the accelerating expansion of the Universe through observations of distant supernovae."
The PTF team, led by Professor Shri Kulkarni of the California Institute of Technology, discovered this supernova, named SN2011fe, just 11 hours after it exploded. They were able to pinpoint the explosion in the Pinwheel Galaxy to August 23 at about 4:30 p.m. Universal Time.
"For several years, I had been taking images with robotic telescopes at Palomar Observatory of the Pinwheel Galaxy every night I possibly could, hoping it would give birth to a rare cosmic feat," Kasliwal said. "When we saw SN2011fe, I fell off my chair as its brightness was too faint to be a supernova and too bright to be nova. Only follow-up observations in the next few hours revealed that this was actually an exceptionally young Type Ia supernova."
The widely accepted theory is that Type Ia supernovae are thermonuclear explosions of a white dwarf star that's part of a binary system--two stars that are physically close and orbit around a common center of mass.
There are two different models for how Type Ia supernovae are created from this type of binary system. In the so-called double-degenerate (or DD) model, the orbit between two white dwarf stars shrinks until the lighter star's path is disrupted and it moves close enough for some of its matter to be absorbed into the primary white dwarf and initiate an explosion. In the so-called single-degenerate (or SD) model, the white dwarf slowly accretes mass from a different, non-white dwarf type of star, until it reaches an ignition point. There are three potential methods for the transfer of mass and--depending on which one is used--the second star is likely to be a red giant, a helium star, or a so-called subgiant or main-sequence star.
Observations of the early stages of the supernova--presented in a paper by lead author Peter Nugent of Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory--showed direct evidence that the primary star was a type of white dwarf called a carbon-oxygen white dwarf.
Very sensitive and early radio and X-ray observations, presented in a separate paper to be published in The Astrophysical Journal, show no evidence of interaction with surrounding material. Combining this data with an analysis of historical images, the team ruled out luminous red giants and the vast majority of helium stars for the second star in the binary system before the explosion.
These clues meant that the secondary star was either another white dwarf, as in the DD model, or a subgiant or main-sequence star, as created by one of the three SD model methods.
Analysis of the matter ejected by the supernova's explosion suggests that the second star is less likely to be another white dwarf. Thus, the solution to the mystery of SN2011fe's origin is probably a primary white dwarf accreting matter from a neighboring subgiant or main-sequence star.
"The fact that we discovered this supernova in its infancy, and that the Pinwheel Galaxy is in our cosmic backyard, has given us an unprecedented opportunity to make this the best studied supernova to date," Kulkarni said.
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The Palomar Transient Factory (PTF) is based on the 48-inch Oschin Schmidt telescope and the 60-inch telescope of the Palomar Observatory of the California Institute of Technology and is a collaboration of the following institutions: California Institute of Technology, Columbia University, Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Oxford University, the University of California at Berkeley and the Weizmann Institute of Science. The Principal Investigator of PTF is Professor S. R. Kulkarni.
This work received financial, staff and computing support from the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, the Department of Energy, the Department of Energy Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing Program, the Royal Society, the National Science Foundation, NASA, the TABASGO Foundation, Gary and Cynthia Bengier, the Richard and Rhoda Goldman Fund, NASA's Hubble Fellowship and the Carnegie-Princeton Fellowship, the Sylvia & Jim Katzman Foundation, NASA's Einstein Fellowship, Hilary Lipsitz, and the American Museum of Natural History. The Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope is operated by ASTRON (Netherlands Foundation for Radio Astronomy) with support fromthe Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research. The Liverpool Telescope is operated with financial support from the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council. The W.M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and NASA, was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. Data from the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database, operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory at the California Institute of Technology was used, as was data from the UK Swift Science Data Centre at the University of Leicester.
The Carnegie Institution for Science (carnegiescience.edu) is a private, nonprofit organization headquartered in Washington, D.C., with six research departments throughout the U.S. Since its founding in 1902, the Carnegie Institution has been a pioneering force in basic scientific research. Carnegie scientists are leaders in plant biology, developmental biology, astronomy, materials science, global ecology, and Earth and planetary science.
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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-12/ci-sas121211.php
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AUSTIN, Texas (Reuters) ? A bomb threat that prompted evacuations at Texas A&M University on Monday was a hoax, the university said on its emergency information website.
Four buildings that were evacuated at the campus in College Station remained closed on Monday afternoon after the threat, which "was received through electronic communications," the website said.
(Reporting by Corrie MacLaggan; Editing by Cynthia Johnston)
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WASHINGTON (AP) ? Arrests of illegal immigrants along the U.S. border with Mexico are at the lowest level since the Nixon administration, indicating that fewer people are attempting to cross the border to live or work in the United States. The development could change the debate on illegal immigration from securing the border to handling the people who are already here.
It's the sixth straight year apprehensions have dropped.
"Increasingly the problem is the 11 million people (in the country illegally), rather than the border itself," said Demetrios Papademetriou, president of the Migration Policy Institute, a non-partisan research organization.
In the fiscal year that ended Sept. 30, Border Patrol arrested 327,577 people trying to cross the southern U.S. border. Meanwhile, Immigration and Customs Enforcement officials deported a record 396,906 people over the same period. That marks the first time in decades that formal removals from the U.S. outpaced arrests at the border.
The number of arrests of people trying to sneak across the border has been steadily declining since 2006, after an all-time high of more than 1.6 million apprehensions in 2000. During those 10 years, more immigrants have become settled residents of the U.S.
According to the Pew Hispanic Center, nearly two-thirds of the country's estimated 10.2 million adult illegal immigrants have been living in the United States for at least 10 years. A decade ago, fewer than half had been in the U.S. that long.
"This is all part of a larger picture that we're not seeing very many new undocumented immigrants coming in, so the share of new undocumented immigrants is smaller," said Jeffrey Passel, senior demographer at the Pew Hispanic Center. "A lot of people are staying. They've put down roots. There clearly hasn't been a large scale departure of people who have been here a while."
But politicians are still fighting over who is best equipped to secure the border.
Attempts to pass immigration reform legislation have repeatedly failed, with Republicans saying they will not support any bill that provides a path to legalization for illegal immigrants who are here and won't consider other reforms until the border is secure.
Some Republican presidential candidates, including former House Speaker Newt Gingrich, have signed a pledge to build a fence along the length of the southern border ? there is already more than 600 miles (965 kilometers) of towering steel fencing in place. Texas Gov. Rick Perry, who does not support a border fence, has proposed adding to the 1,200 National Guard troops currently stationed along the border in a support role. Perry and Gingrich have both spoken of the need for "humanity" in dealing with illegal immigrants who are already here, and were both criticized by conservative Republicans.
Homeland Security Secretary Janet Napolitano has said the border is more secure than ever before "and it is clear from every measure we currently have that this approach is working."
But the weak U.S. economy and tough new immigration laws in states such as Alabama and Arizona likely play as much of a role in the drop in illegal crossings as increased security efforts, said Doris Meissner, former head of the Immigration and Naturalization Service and a senior fellow at the Migration Policy Institute.
"There is no single thing we can point to," Meissner said. "I think it's perfectly legitimate to say that border security is working. But it is not legitimate to say they are entirely responsible. Obviously it's a combination of the economy and enforcement."
It is likely that border security will remain a divisive political issue, particularly in the 2012 presidential election, Papademetriou and others said.
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SYDNEY ? Australian police say a man who died during a spearfishing dive may have been attacked by a crocodile.
Queensland state police say search crews found the man's body Tuesday, one day after he vanished in waters off the remote Cape York region of northeast Australia. His name was not released.
Police say the condition of the man's body indicated he may have been attacked by a marine animal, and note that the waters off north Queensland are well-known crocodile habitats. Officials will conduct an autopsy to determine the exact cause of death.
Crocodiles have become plentiful across Australia's tropical north since they became protected by federal law in 1971.
Saltwater crocodiles can grow to up to 23 feet (7 meters) long and are the world's largest reptile.
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By STUART CONDIE
AP Sports Writer
Associated Press Sports
updated 9:33 a.m. ET Dec. 5, 2011
LONDON (AP) -After providing the Champions League with half its finalists over the last seven years, England could face the embarrassment of having just one team in the knockout round when the group stage concludes this week.
Manchester United needs only to avoid defeat at FC Basel to join Arsenal among the last 16 sides, but Chelsea and Premier League leader Manchester City are both vulnerable in their final group matches.
Chelsea is likely to need a victory over in-form Valencia to progress, while even a win over four-time European champion Bayern Munich may not be enough to take City through.
There are a total seven places still up for grabs, with Marseille and Ajax also in contention to fill them.
With three final appearances in the past four years, Manchester United were expected to be the first English team to advance to the next round. But Arsenal clinched progress last week with victory over Borussia Dortmund and United still must take at least a point Wednesday against a Basel side that came from 2-0 down to draw 3-3 at Old Trafford in September.
"A lot of people, including opposition teams, underestimate us," Basel midfielder Scott Chipperfield said. "But we have a good squad and a lot of us have played international football. In the Champions League, we play with an attitude of having nothing to lose.
"Nobody expects us to do well, so we like to go out there and play entertaining football."
United manager Alex Ferguson is hoping Basel's need to win its final Group C match means there will be space to attack.
"The only advantage is they do need to win and they have to try to beat us," Ferguson said. "We've always kept good possession of the ball and made that a dominating factor of our game. It can take the temperature out of the game."
United will be without Javier Hernandez after the Mexico striker was hurt in Saturday's 1-0 Premier League win at Aston Villa. He is expected to be fit in time for the latter stages if the team progresses.
Benfica also needs a draw to be sure of progress from Group C when the Portuguese side hosts eliminated Otelul Galati.
Chelsea, runner-up in 2008 to United, could progress with as little as a 0-0 draw Tuesday if Group E leader Bayer Leverkusen beats last-place Genk. But Leverkusen has already advanced and may take its foot off the gas, so the Blues must win to be sure.
"They are favorites because they are one of the world's major clubs," Valencia defender Adil Rami said. "But they are also going to be under a lot of pressure."
Chelsea trained without Jose Bosingwa, Nicolas Anelka and Alex on Monday, with Bosingwa injured and Branislav Ivanovic likely to play at right-back. Anelka and Alex have been made to train separately after asking for transfers.
Valencia is also targeting the next round after routing Genk 7-0 two weeks ago to join Chelsea on eight points and secure a superior goal difference.
"They could have a small advantage since they are playing at home," Valencia goalkeeper Diego Alves said. "But when the game begins, everything can change."
With Napoli expected to beat Villarreal, City's expensively assembled squad must beat Group A winner Bayern to have any chance of progress. City is cruising unbeaten at the top of the Premier League but has struggled to adjust in its first Champions League season.
Edinson Cavani scored twice and Ezequiel Lavezzi and Blerim Dzemaili were also on target as Napoli warmed up for its trip to Spain by beating last-place Lecce 4-2 in Serie A on Saturday - ending a four-match winless streak in the Italian league.
"It's going to be the most important match of the year," Lavezzi said. "This win over Lecce can help increase our self-confidence."
Villarreal eliminated Napoli from last season's Europa League but the injury-hit Spanish club is coming off a 1-0 defeat at Racing Santander - which had been bottom of the Spanish standings - that left it just two points above the relegation zone.
"We have to show more anger, courage and effort," coach Juan Carlos Garrido said.
Lille is among three clubs chasing progress behind Inter Milan in Group B. Victory over Trabzonspor would take Lille through ahead of the Turkish club and CSKA Moscow.
Lille coach Rudi Garcia will be without Brazilian striker Tulio De Melo because of a torn hamstring and is sweating over the fitness of central midfielder Benoit Pedretti. Joe Cole and Eden Hazard are likely to start in midfield, with Moussa Sow up front.
"It's an important match for the club and for the players," midfielder Florent Balmont said. "We owe it to ourselves to win and to carry on in this competition."
Marseille can finish as Group F runner-up to Arsenal with victory at Borussia Dortmund. Any other result could let Olympiakos sneak into second place.
Marseille will be without striker Andre-Pierre Gignac because of a groin injury but should be boosted by the return of key striker Loic Remy, who sat Friday's 2-1 win at Caen after twisting his ankle last week.
Group H is already settled - defending champion Barcelona has won the group and AC Milan will advance in second place - but a place in both Group D and G is still open.
Zenit St. Petersburg and FC Porto go head to head to see which of them will advance from Group G with APOEL, the first Cypriot side ever to make the knockout rounds. Ajax needs only a point to be sure in Group D but is up against record nine-time European champion Real Madrid.
The Spanish league leader won 3-0 at Sporting Gijon on Saturday with goals from Angel Di Maria, Cristiano Ronaldo and Marcelo.
Luckily for Ajax, Madrid already has an eye on next weekend's "clasico" against second-place Barcelona.
"Imagine if we had four injuries in Amsterdam," Madrid captain Iker Casillas said.
Barcelona coach Pep Guardiola has only called up six first-team players for the game against BATE Borisov, resting stars Lionel Messi, David Villa, Xavi Hernandez, Cesc Fabregas and Andres Iniesta among others.
? 2011 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
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More newsManchester United will meet defending champion Manchester City in the FA Cup for a second straight season after the local rivals were drawn against each other in the third round.
Major League Soccer's 2012 season will open March 10 with six games.
Source: http://nbcsports.msnbc.com/id/44481732/ns/sports-soccer/
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KABUL, Afghanistan (AP) ? Afghan President Hamid Karzai on Thursday pardoned an Afghan woman serving a 12-year prison sentence for having sex out of wedlock after she was raped by a relative.
Karzai's office said in a statement that the woman and her attacker have agreed to marry. That would reverse an earlier decision by the 19-year-old woman, who had previously refused a judge's offer of freedom if she agreed to marry the rapist.
Her plight was highlighted in a documentary that the European Union blocked because it feared the women featured in the film would be in danger if it were shown.
More than 5,000 people recently signed a petition urging Karzai to release the woman. She had the man's child while in prison and raised her daughter behind bars, which is common among women imprisoned in Afghanistan.
A statement released by Karzai's office says that after hearing from judicial officials, the decision was made to forgive the rest of the sentence she received for having sex out of wedlock, a crime in Afghanistan. The presidential statement did not say when the woman was to be released or how much prison time had been pardoned.
The woman told The Associated Press in an interview last month that she had hoped that attention generated by the EU film might help her get released. With the film blocked, she said that she was losing hope and considering marrying her rapist as a way out. She said her attacker was pressuring her to stop giving interviews.
About half of the 300 to 400 women jailed in Afghanistan are imprisoned for so-called "moral crimes" such as sex outside marriage, or running away from their husbands, according to reports by the United Nations and research organizations. Fleeing husbands isn't considered a crime in Afghanistan.
The EU welcomed the woman's release.
"Her case has served to highlight the plight of Afghan women, who 10 years after the overthrow of the Taliban regime often continue to suffer in unimaginable conditions, deprived of even the most basic human rights," the European Union's Ambassador and Special Representative to Afghanistan, Vygaudas Usackas, said.
He said the EU hoped the same mercy would be extended to other women serving similar terms. Usackas said he planned to raise the issue of Afghan women's rights at an international conference on Afghanistan Dec. 5 in Bonn, Germany.
Some of the most severe restrictions women faced under the Taliban, like a ban on attending schools and having to have a male escort to venture outside the home, were done away with when the radical Islamic movement was driven from power in 2001. But Afghanistan remains a deeply conservative and male-dominated society, meaning women are still sold to husbands and rights enshrined in law are often ignored in practice.
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